feat: OVF formula 67

This commit is contained in:
mayge
2025-09-17 02:45:10 -04:00
parent 1b21b940a4
commit e1bc69c6fb
10 changed files with 724 additions and 446 deletions

View File

@@ -1,202 +0,0 @@
import numpy as np
# ------------------------------------------------------------
# 按论文公式 (9)(10)(11) 生成 MuntzLaguerre 正交有理基 (解析形式)
#
# 给定稳定极点集合 {p_k} (Re(p_k)<0)。论文记法中使用 -a_k其中 Re(a_k)>0。
# 对应关系p_k = -a_k ⇒ a_k = -p_k, Re(a_k)= -Re(p_k) >0
#
# 连续内积意义下(沿 jω 轴积分)这些 φ_k 解析正交。离散频率采样后数值上
# 可能偏离,可再用加权 QR 做数值再正交(可选)。
#
# 公式在“稳定极点 p 表达”下的改写:
# (原) 实极点: φ_p(s) = sqrt(2 Re(a_p)) / (s + a_p) * Π (s - a_i^*)/(s + a_i)
# 变换 a_p = -p ⇒ Re(a_p)= -Re(p) = σ >0 且 (s + a_p) = (s - p)
# 且乘积 (s - a_i^*)/(s + a_i) = (s + p_i^*)/(s - p_i)
# ⇒ φ_p(s) = sqrt(-2 Re(p)) / (s - p) * Π_{i<p} (s + p_i^*)/(s - p_i)
#
# 复对 (p, p*),取 imag(p)>0 的 p 作为首:
# (原) φ_p = sqrt(2 Re(a_p)) (s - |a_p|)/[(s + a_p)(s + a_p^*)] * Π(...)
# (原) φ_{p+1}= sqrt(2 Re(a_p)) (s + |a_p|)/[(s + a_p)(s + a_p^*)] * Π(...)
# 代入 a_p=-p
# Re(a_p)= -Re(p)=σ>0, (s + a_p) = (s - p), (s + a_p^*)=(s - p^*)
# |a_p| = |p|
# 乘积同上 ⇒ Π_{i<p} (s + p_i^*)/(s - p_i)
#
# ⇒ φ_p(s) = sqrt(-2 Re(p)) (s - |p|)/[(s - p)(s - p^*)] * Π_{i<p} (s + p_i^*)/(s - p_i)
# φ_{p^*}(s)= sqrt(-2 Re(p)) (s + |p|)/[(s - p)(s - p^*)] * Π_{i<p} (s + p_i^*)/(s - p_i)
#
# product 递推维护prod_k = Π_{i≤k} (s + p_i^*)/(s - p_i)
# 对复对要顺序乘两次p 与 p*)。
# ------------------------------------------------------------
class MuntzLaguerreIterator:
def __init__(self, s: np.ndarray, stable_poles: list | np.ndarray):
"""
s: 复频率数组 (Nf,), s = j 2π f
stable_poles: 稳定极点列表 (Re<0). 复共轭对要求正虚部在前 (p, p*).
"""
self.s = np.asarray(s, dtype=complex)
self.poles = list(stable_poles)
self.N = len(self.poles)
self.k = 0
# 初始化乘积 Π_{i<p} (s + p_i^*)/(s - p_i)
self.product = np.ones_like(self.s, dtype=complex)
def __iter__(self):
return self
def __next__(self):
if self.k >= self.N:
raise StopIteration
p = self.poles[self.k]
if np.real(p) >= 0:
raise ValueError(f"极点必须在左半平面: {p}")
# 复对首 (正虚部)
if np.iscomplex(p) and np.imag(p) > 0:
if self.k + 1 >= self.N:
raise ValueError("复极点缺少共轭")
pc = self.poles[self.k + 1]
if not np.isclose(pc, np.conj(p)):
raise ValueError("复极点未按 (p, p*) 顺序排列 (正虚部在前)")
sigma = -np.real(p) # >0
scale = np.sqrt(2 * sigma)
r = np.abs(p)
denom = (self.s - p) * (self.s - pc)
# 两个基函数
phi_p = scale * (self.s - r) / denom * self.product
phi_pc = scale * (self.s + r) / denom * self.product
# product 先乘 (s + p^*)/(s - p),再乘 (s + p)/(s - p^*)
self.product = self.product * (self.s + pc) / (self.s - p)
self.product = self.product * (self.s + p) / (self.s - pc)
self.k += 2
return [phi_p, phi_pc]
# 复对次 (负虚部) —— 应该被首元素处理,出现表示顺序错误
if np.iscomplex(p) and np.imag(p) < 0:
raise ValueError("检测到负虚部复极点但其共轭尚未处理,请将正虚部成员放在前面。")
# 实极点
sigma = -np.real(p)
if sigma <= 0:
raise ValueError("实极点实部应为负 (稳定)。")
scale = np.sqrt(2 * sigma)
phi = scale / (self.s - p) * self.product
# 更新乘积
self.product = self.product * (self.s + p) / (self.s - p)
self.k += 1
return [phi]
def generate_muntz_laguerre_basis(s: np.ndarray, stable_poles: list | np.ndarray):
"""
生成完整基函数列表: [φ_0=1, φ_1, φ_2, ...]
"""
basis = [np.ones_like(s, dtype=complex)]
for block in MuntzLaguerreIterator(s, stable_poles):
basis.extend(block)
return basis
# ---------- 可选:离散再正交 (加权 QR) ----------
# def trapezoid_weights(freqs: np.ndarray):
# if len(freqs) == 1:
# return np.ones(1)
# df = np.diff(freqs)
# w = np.zeros_like(freqs, dtype=float)
# w[0] = 0.5 * df[0]
# w[-1] = 0.5 * df[-1]
# if len(freqs) > 2:
# w[1:-1] = 0.5 * (df[:-1] + df[1:])
# return w
def weighted_qr_from_basis(basis_cols: list[np.ndarray], weights: np.ndarray | None = None):
A = np.column_stack(basis_cols) # (Nf, M)
if weights is None:
sw = np.ones(A.shape[0])
else:
sw = np.sqrt(weights.real)
Aw = sw[:, None] * A
Qw, R = np.linalg.qr(Aw)
Phi = Qw / (sw[:, None] + 1e-30)
return Phi, R # Raw = Phi R
def check_discrete_orthogonality(Phi: np.ndarray, w: np.ndarray):
G = Phi.conj().T @ (w[:, None] * Phi)
off = np.max(np.abs(G - np.eye(G.shape[0])))
return G, off
def verify_orthonormal(Phi: np.ndarray, w: np.ndarray, atol=1e-10, rtol=1e-8):
"""
返回:
G : Gram 矩阵 (Φ^H W Φ)
max_off : 最大非对角幅值
diag_err : max |diag(G)-1|
passed : 是否满足阈值
"""
G = Phi.conj().T @ (w[:, None] * Phi)
I = np.eye(G.shape[0])
diag_err = np.max(np.abs(np.diag(G) - 1.0))
max_off = np.max(np.abs(G - I + np.diag(np.diag(G) - 1.0)))
passed = (diag_err <= atol) and (max_off <= rtol)
return G, max_off, diag_err, passed
def omega_weights(freqs_hz: np.ndarray):
"""
基于 ω=2πf 的梯形法得到 w_ω = Δω/(2π),使得
(1/2π) ∫_{-∞}^{∞} → Σ w_ω,k
"""
f = freqs_hz
if len(f) == 1:
return np.ones(1)
df = np.diff(f)
w_f = np.zeros_like(f)
w_f[0] = 0.5 * df[0]
w_f[-1] = 0.5 * df[-1]
if len(f) > 2:
w_f[1:-1] = 0.5 * (df[:-1] + df[1:])
# dω = 2π df, (1/2π) * dω = df ⇒ 直接 w_f 就是 w_ω
return w_f # 已等价于 Δω/(2π)
# ------------------ 示例 ------------------
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 示例稳定极点 (复对正虚部在前)
stable_poles = [
-0.8e9,
-1.0e9 + 2.5e9j,
-1.0e9 - 2.5e9j,
-2.2e9
]
freqs = np.linspace(1e8, 8e9, 400)
s = 1j * 2 * np.pi * freqs
basis = generate_muntz_laguerre_basis(s, stable_poles)
print("解析基函数数量 =", len(basis))
print("前5个基函数示例 (每个前10个频点):")
for i in range(5):
print(f"φ_{i}:", basis[i][:10])
w = omega_weights(freqs)
Phi_num, R = weighted_qr_from_basis(basis, w)
Gram, off = check_discrete_orthogonality(Phi_num, w)
print("离散 Gram 最大非对角元素 =", off)
print("R 形状:", R.shape)
# 验证 Raw ≈ Phi R
raw = np.column_stack(basis)
err = np.max(np.abs(raw - Phi_num @ R))
print("重构误差 ||Raw - Phi R||_∞ =", err)
# 验证正交性
print("离散 Gram 矩阵 (前5x5):")
print(Gram[:5, :5])
Gcheck, max_off, diag_err, ok = verify_orthonormal(Phi_num, w)
print(f"Diag 误差={diag_err:.3e}, Max off={max_off:.3e}, Orthonormal={ok}")
# 额外: 验证 R
# raw = Φ R => R ≈ Φ^H W raw (因为 Φ^H W Φ = I)
R_alt = Phi_num.conj().T @ (w[:,None] * raw)
print("R 差异 ||R - R_alt||_max =", np.max(np.abs(R - R_alt)))

9
test/test_numpy.py Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
import numpy as np
# 创建一个复数矩阵
A = np.array([[1+2j, 2-1j], [3+4j, 4+0j]])
Q, R = np.linalg.qr(A)
print("Q =\n", Q)
print("R =\n", R)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
import numpy as np
from core.orthonormal_basis import generate_muntz_laguerre_basis
# ---------- 可选:离散再正交 (加权 QR) ----------
# def trapezoid_weights(freqs: np.ndarray):
# if len(freqs) == 1:
# return np.ones(1)
# df = np.diff(freqs)
# w = np.zeros_like(freqs, dtype=float)
# w[0] = 0.5 * df[0]
# w[-1] = 0.5 * df[-1]
# if len(freqs) > 2:
# w[1:-1] = 0.5 * (df[:-1] + df[1:])
# return w
def weighted_qr_from_basis(basis_cols: list[np.ndarray], weights: np.ndarray | None = None):
A = np.column_stack(basis_cols) # (Nf, M)
if weights is None:
sw = np.ones(A.shape[0])
else:
sw = np.sqrt(weights.real)
Aw = sw[:, None] * A
Qw, R = np.linalg.qr(Aw)
Phi = Qw / (sw[:, None] + 1e-30)
return Phi, R # Raw = Phi R
def check_discrete_orthogonality(Phi: np.ndarray, w: np.ndarray):
G = Phi.conj().T @ (w[:, None] * Phi)
off = np.max(np.abs(G - np.eye(G.shape[0])))
return G, off
def verify_orthonormal(Phi: np.ndarray, w: np.ndarray, atol=1e-10, rtol=1e-8):
"""
返回:
G : Gram 矩阵 (Φ^H W Φ)
max_off : 最大非对角幅值
diag_err : max |diag(G)-1|
passed : 是否满足阈值
"""
G = Phi.conj().T @ (w[:, None] * Phi)
I = np.eye(G.shape[0])
diag_err = np.max(np.abs(np.diag(G) - 1.0))
max_off = np.max(np.abs(G - I + np.diag(np.diag(G) - 1.0)))
passed = (diag_err <= atol) and (max_off <= rtol)
return G, max_off, diag_err, passed
def omega_weights(freqs_hz: np.ndarray):
"""
基于 ω=2πf 的梯形法得到 w_ω = Δω/(2π),使得
(1/2π) ∫_{-∞}^{∞} → Σ w_ω,k
"""
f = freqs_hz
if len(f) == 1:
return np.ones(1)
df = np.diff(f)
w_f = np.zeros_like(f)
w_f[0] = 0.5 * df[0]
w_f[-1] = 0.5 * df[-1]
if len(f) > 2:
w_f[1:-1] = 0.5 * (df[:-1] + df[1:])
# dω = 2π df, (1/2π) * dω = df ⇒ 直接 w_f 就是 w_ω
return w_f # 已等价于 Δω/(2π)
def evaluate(basis,freqs):
w = omega_weights(freqs)
Phi_num, R = weighted_qr_from_basis(basis, w)
Gram, off = check_discrete_orthogonality(Phi_num, w)
print("离散 Gram 最大非对角元素 =", off)
print("R 形状:", R.shape)
# 验证 Raw ≈ Phi R
raw = np.column_stack(basis)
err = np.max(np.abs(raw - Phi_num @ R))
print("重构误差 ||Raw - Phi R||_∞ =", err)
# 验证正交性
print("离散 Gram 矩阵 (前5x5):")
print(Gram[:5, :5])
Gcheck, max_off, diag_err, ok = verify_orthonormal(Phi_num, w)
print(f"Diag 误差={diag_err:.3e}, Max off={max_off:.3e}, Orthonormal={ok}")
# 额外: 验证 R
# raw = Φ R => R ≈ Φ^H W raw (因为 Φ^H W Φ = I)
R_alt = Phi_num.conj().T @ (w[:,None] * raw)
print("R 差异 ||R - R_alt||_max =", np.max(np.abs(R - R_alt)))
# ------------------ 示例 ------------------
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 示例稳定极点 (复对正虚部在前)
init_poles = [
-1.0e3 + 2.5e9j,
-1.0e3 - 2.5e9j,
]
freqs = np.linspace(1e8, 8e9, 40)
s = 1j * 2 * np.pi * freqs
basis = generate_muntz_laguerre_basis(s, init_poles)
print("解析基函数数量 =", len(basis))
print("基函数:")
for i in range(len(basis)):
print(f"φ_{i}:", basis[i][:])
evaluate(basis, freqs)